A new population disease – affecting more and more people.
According to data from Harvard Medical School, as many as 1 in 5 people will develop skin cancer during their lifetime[1]. These alarming statistics indicate a growing global health concern. Skin cancer is no longer a rare disease – it is becoming a worldwide threat. Among skin cancers, two types are particularly significant: melanoma and basal cell carcinoma.
What is melanoma?
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer, developing from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes[2]. It can appear not only on the skin but also in other parts of the body, including under the nails and even in the eye. The most common type of melanoma is superficial spreading melanoma, which initially grows on the surface of the skin but may eventually penetrate deeper into the tissues.
Melanoma rarely occurs in children, but its risk increases rapidly in young adults. It is one of the most common life-threatening cancers in people aged 20-50. After the age of 50, the risk of developing melanoma gradually rises.
Who is at risk of melanoma?
Not everyone is equally at risk of developing melanoma. The risk significantly increases in individuals [3]:
- With fair skin, red or light-colored hair, and blue eyes.
- With a history of sunburns.
- Who have a large number of moles.
- With genetic predisposition (5-10% of cases have a familial background).
- Who frequently use tanning beds.
- Over the age of 50 (although melanoma also affects younger individuals).
The most common locations for melanoma include the face (especially in older adults), the upper torso (more common in men), and the legs (more common in women).
Symptoms of Melanoma – The ABCDE System
Regular skin self-examination is essential for early detection of suspicious changes. To identify potentially dangerous moles, follow the ABCDE system [4]:
- A – Asymmetry: One half of the mole does not match the other.
- B – Border irregularities: The edges are jagged, uneven, or blurry.
- C – Colors: The mole contains multiple colors within one lesion.
- D – Diameter: Larger than 6 mm (about the size of a pencil eraser).
- E – Evolution: The mole changes over time—grows, changes color, starts bleeding, or develops a crust.
If you notice any of these signs, do not delay—schedule a visit with a dermatologist as soon as possible. Early detection can save lives.
How to prevent skin cancer?
Prevention Plays a key role in reducing the risk of skin cancer. Here are some essential guidelines to protect yourself:
- Avoid intense sun exposure – especially during peak hours (10:00 AM – 4:00 PM).
- Use sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher – regular application protects the skin from harmful UV radiation.
- Wear protective clothing – hats, sunglasses, and UV-protective clothing act as effective barriers against sun damage.
- Regularly examine your skin – knowing the ABCDE system helps detect suspicious changes early. To simplify this process, consider using skin monitoring apps such as Medic Scanner. Its advanced algorithms analyze moles and assist in the early detection of high-risk skin changes.
- Avoid tanning beds – artificial UV radiation significantly increases the risk of skin cancer.
By following these preventive measures, you can reduce your risk and protect your skin from harmful damage.
What can you do today?
The most important thing you can do is to carefully observe your skin and react to any worrisome changes. Regular self-examination and visits to a dermatologist can significantly increase the chances of early detection of skin cancer. It’s also a good idea to lead a healthy lifestyle – a proper diet rich in antioxidants, avoiding overexposure to the sun and using UV protection are simple steps that can help with prevention.
If you want to further support your vigilance, modern technology can help – the Medic Scanner app, which uses artificial intelligence to support users in monitoring skin changes. While it does not replace a visit to a dermatologist, it is an excellent tool for early observation and decision-making for medical consultation. The apps can be downloaded from the Google Play store.
Summary
Skin cancer is a serious threat, but if detected early it can be treated effectively. Regular self-examination, avoidance of excessive sun exposure and conscious use of modern technology can save lives. Remember – every change on the skin needs attention. Don’t ignore your body’s signals. If you notice something worrying, consult a dermatologist as soon as possible! Get your skin checked today.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Skin cancer, Harvard Medical School, https://www.health.harvard.edu/topics/skin-cancer
- Melanoma Overview. A Dangerous Skin Cancer, Skin Cancer Foundation https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/melanoma/
- Risk Factors for Melanoma Skin Cancer, American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html
- Thomas L, Tranchand P, Berard F, Secchi T, Colin C, Moulin G. Semiological value of ABCDE criteria in the diagnosis of cutaneous pigmented tumors. Dermatology. 1998;197(1):11-7. doi: 10.1159/000017969. PMID: 9693179. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9693179/
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